We consider the ontological and epistemological foundations of communicative views from the standpoint of distinguishing the types of scientific rationality. The methodological basis of the analysis is the differentiation of three types of rationality. The study is also based on a comparative approach. When conducting the research, we used the methodological technique of gradation of system analysis. The modern epistemological status of the communicative approach is associated with three aspects of social existence: consistency, rationality, and communicativeness. The transition from strongly non-equilibrium states to sustainable social development presupposes the social significance of communications, their authenticity, and the implementation of rationality through systemic mechanisms. The communicative approach takes the form of an integral communicative concept, a type of system analysis. the meta-theoretical status of the communicative approach is determined by its expressed system resources.

The article is a political understanding of the results of the first stage of the special military operation (SMO) in Ukraine, which began on 24 February 2022. First of all, the author focuses on the problem of analytical support of the SMO, stating that in this regard the Russian side faced serious mistakes and mistakes of both civilian and military experts, mostly misjudged opponent’s social potential, and the deal within the Ukrainian elite. The author considers the political, economic, social, value and ideological transformations that have occurred in the last 8 years in Ukraine and have seriously undermined the positions of pro-Russian forces there. At the same time, the weakness of the Russian policy of “soft power” in 2014–2022 is noted, as well as the negative consequences of the Minsk agreements.

The article provides an analysis of the rotation of the governor’s corps in 2017–2022. During the analysis, the author determined the dynamics of rejuvenation of the cadre of governors of the “new wave” by the Federal center. The results of the analysis showed that since 2017 the Federal center implemented a new internal policy of appointing governors to the regions of the Russian Federation. The “new generation” of governors of Russian regions is the heads of subjects appointed to positions in the period from 2017–2022, who are sent by the Federal Center to the regions to solve strategic tasks, depending on the specifics of the region, the heads of subjects may be representatives of the federal elite, law enforcement agencies, political parties, and the business elite. The analysis revealed the typology of the “new generation” of governors of Russian regions.

The market for healthy food and dietary supplements has recently shown a highly active positive trend, and in the face of growing competition, product promotion and its communicative component become especially important. The paper studies the specifics of activities in the field of marketing and advertising in the market of biologically active additives. The purpose of the author’s research is to study the features of promoting supplements on the market, the role of positioning as a tool for promoting a product, as well as analyzing consumer behavior and the main factors of target audience segmentation. Based on the results of the study, through analysis, comparison and systematization, the main methods of positioning goods in the selected market segment were identified and their effectiveness was considered, as well as the general characteristics of the market, its target audience, and tools for promoting goods.

The article is devoted to the analysis of intercultural communication as solidarity between ethnic communities in the era of globalization processes. Intercultural communication, being the dominant and determinant of modern society, acquires even greater significance in connection with the processes of globalization and intensive migration, the need for interaction and peaceful coexistence of large and small ethnic groups and the formation of the cultural diversity of society. Authors discuss the problems of communication at the level of various ethnocultural groups. The article also describes the problems of theoretical and practical approaches to the formation of intercultural communication, which developed over several decades. In this paper, authors presented various models of intercultural communication and their components. The authors presented a short version of the definitions in the field of legislation.

The continuous growth of big data and developments in computational sciences have contributed to the development of such an area of knowledge as computational sociology. Research performed using computational methods to analyse big data have great potential. However, a lot of fundamental work needs to be done to establish the theoretical basis of computational sociology. This paper aims to build a knowledge base for computational sociology. It brings together research done using computational and mathematical methods, as well as related to modelling, machine learning, and social networks analysis. There are several limitations of employing such methods in the social sciences, but they significantly expand the research field.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of the resource potential of the scientific sphere of the Russian Federation for 2010–2020. The article analyses the dynamics and structure of organizations that have carried out research and development in the context of sectors of activity and types of organizations. The study of the number of employees in the research sector of the economy of the Russian Federation was carried out taking into account various groupings used in statistical practice: by ownership forms, by sectors of activity, types of organizations, areas of scientific activity. Special attention in the study is paid to the analysis of the category of researchers as the main category of scientific workers. The dynamics of the distribution of researchers by sectors of scientific activity, by skill level, and, also, investigated their age composition.

The article considers a set of problems associated with building geopolitical interaction between Russia and the countries of the Caucasus at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries. We also studied the specifics of relations between the countries included in this region (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia). Our analysis covers the range of geopolitical interests pursued by large states in the Transcaucasia region. In particular, we considered the clash of interests of Russia and Turkey, as well as Western countries in the South Caucasus. The region under consideration has a prominent level of conflict, which has developed historically due to the territorial dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the ownership of the territories that are currently part of the NKR. At the same time, destabilization in the region is not beneficial to either side of the dispute. The purpose of the study is to determine the ways of developing Russia’s relations with the countries of the Caucasus in the context of the escalation of the conflict.

The article attempts to identify the relationship between the level of protest activity and the quality of life of the population. Modern approaches to the concept of quality of life are considered. Through the prism of the impact of changes in the quality of life on the protest activity of the population, the problems of ensuring national security are analyzed, it is shown that in Russian society the proportion of people who consider their standard of living unacceptably poor is growing, and the decrease in the level of satisfaction of Russians with their lives is an increasing threat to national security. It is noted that there is a need to focus on the subjective components of the quality of life in the analysis of protest activity and problems of ensuring the national security of Russia.

This is the second article in the series. The first was devoted to the recombination of the world monetary model (Bretton Woods) 1971–1973. The trigger point for the recombination was the Nixon Shock (rejection of the gold fixing of the dollar). There was a replacement of the world equivalent of value (gold for oil), which remained “unnoticed” (not noticed) for a long time. 2008 cashed out the replacement. 1971 and 2008 cannot be considered independently of each other. This is not about cyclic failures (they are linear), but about the basic (cause of failures) flaw in the model. The reason is not a situational shortage of resources for growth, but the discriminatory nature of law as such, international law (regulations for disposing of growth effects based on parity of forces) in particular. 1971 and 2008 — déjà vu matrix, where the trigger (a factor that exacerbates a chronic disease) is a unilateral undermining (Nixon Shock and QE) of the regulations that determine the functioning of the world economy (devaluation of the norm). On both occasions the US played va banque. In 1971, the flaw was legalized, a new (G7) international format or “oil consumer cartel” arose. In 2008, it was proposed to institutionalize the flaw, to recognize it as an integral part of the overall model of growth. The proposal did not suit developing countries (primarily Russia and China). The crisis, which began as a financial breakdown, turned into a deep political confrontation.

The relevance of the study is due to the growing positive interest in the Semashko model in modern Russia from the “medical” and “historical” parts of the scientific community, medical specialists, the population of Russia and the state. The article uses general documents, speech by top public officials, official statistics. The overthrow of the Semashko model in early post-Soviet Russia was due to public demand for market-oriented models, epidemiological transit. However, new circumstances (a new public demand for socially oriented models, a new epidemiological wave, as well as a permanent shortage of personnel and underfunding) forced the state to turn again to the experience of the Semashko model. A new epidemiological wave has raised questions: on the return to the centralization of management and financing and on the re-optimization of epidemiological resources. The official authorities proposed to centralize the management of the sanitary and epidemiological service and the means of compulsory health insurance (CHI) in the budget of the Federal Health Insurance Fund. It is also planned to expand the epidemiological base through the construction of new hospitals, increase the staff of epidemiologists and infectious diseases doctors.

The article deals with the phenomenon of economic voting which stands out as a factor of electoral volatility. We choose the 2021 elections to the State Duma to serve as an example of the analysis. Two indicators that is level of unemployment and the proportion of population with monetary income which is lower than the minimum standard of life we used to demonstrate the socio-economic situation prior to the elections. The consideration of the interplay of socio-economic indices and the dynamics of changing voters party preferences clearly shows that the level of unemployment alone have market effect on the electoral participation. The author concludes that the electoral behaviour of Russians citizens remains mainly prospective. Despite the aggravation of socio-economic problems, the majority of voters keep up confidence in the ruling party United Russia connecting with in their hopes for material wellbeing in future. However, the positive correlation between the growth of unemployment and widening electoral support to the opposition parties points out that in case of further deterioration of socio-economic situation changes in arrangement of political forces in Russian political scene can not be excluded.

The article discusses the importance of the Soviet concession experience for the economy of modern Russia. The relevance of the study is determined by the complication of the socio-economic situation, which is directly related, in fact, to the sanctions war that the states of the so-called collective West (including the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.) have now declared to our country. The author, using historical and comparative methods, as well as content analysis and a dialectical approach, considers the existing points of view on this issue, showing the evolution of scientific views on the concession issues of the specified period. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the fundamental thesis, according to which, in the current realities of Russia, the experience in the field of concessions of the NEP period allows the Russian legislator, as well as representatives of the scientific and expert community, to creatively rethink the totality of the positive that was “acquired” at that time — for the purpose of creative reception for further improvement of the organizational, legal and economic components of the institution of public-private partnership (PPP) and, above all, in the form of concessions.

The article is devoted to the concept of the new Russian citizenship and its value-ideological foundations, which are civil activism, civil responsibility, and civil control. It is considered how non-profit organizations through their activities form and consolidate the value of these categories in the minds of citizens and in what ways they influence the spread of public control practices. Based on the dialectical approach, the study of domestic and foreign literature, as well as the analysis of cases, the author aims to establish a link between the civil initiatives and programs implemented with social- oriented NPOs, and the political and ideological values of Russian society that form the general civil consciousness.

Education issues are among the most urgent social tasks. The state and prospects of social development largely depend on them. The central place in the educational system belongs to universities, designed to train the intellectual elite. The countries have developed national “university” models, but with all the differences, healthy conservatism is characteristic of all of them. However, the dynamically changing internal and external environment requires constant adjustment of universities to the challenges and demands of the time. At the same time, the “university” educational model retains essential features, which distinguishes it from other educational structures. This article is devoted to the history of university education and the formation of its various models.

The article is devoted to problem of teaching Chinese students (humanitarian specializations) to the Russian political speech (I RFL level). Parts of authors lessons are given in the paper as an example: vocabulary of political lexica (Russian- Chinese translation), text, post-text tasks (developing lexica and grammar skills of students). There are methodical recommendations of working with political speech during Russian language lessons in Chinese students’ groups. It is possible to use the thesis, offered national oriented methods, and recommendations during teaching the Russian political speech to Chinese students of the 1st certificate level of Russian. It is proven, translation of lexical meaning of a word is the main method during teaching Russian language to Chinese students. Preparation of national oriented lexical study books for Chinese students will increase positive results of language learning.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the cultural foundations of higher education in the Russian Federation and China. Special attention is paid to the implementation of “market reforms” and the modernization of higher education. The author noted that despite the similar form, the transformations of Russian and Chinese education, including in connection with joining the International Trade Organization, have different value content, since in the first case there is a breakdown of values and “Westernization”, and in the second case there is a reliance on tradition and the preservation of the national component. The author makes a conclusion about the key role of the educational aspect and ideology in the higher education of the People’s Republic of China.

This research aims to identify the specifics of teaching generation Z English as a foreign language in Russian non- linguistic universities and covers the principles of the theory of generations including focus group methodology. The survey encompassed eighty-seven undergraduate freshmen majoring in Advertising and Public Relations and included the following key aspects: professor’s qualifications and behavior, overall atmosphere and lesson structure, frequency of utilization of audio and visual materials as well as students’ preferred forms of interaction. Contrary to the belief that generation Z is not sociable and prefers individualism, our survey highlights those students willingly interact in groups of several people maintaining their motivation and realizing creative potential. Employment of digital technologies plays a crucial role for generation Z as it contributes to the widespread implementation of pedagogical and methodological principles, by making a lesson more interesting for nowadays students consequently reducing the generation gap.

The article is devoted to the issue of individualization of teaching a foreign language in a non-linguistic university. The authors consider the concepts of “individualization”, “differentiation” and “personalization”, where individualization is realized in a particular subject, personalization is aimed at the entire education system as a whole, and differentiation complements these two principles in the conditions of the group organization of the learning process. After analyzing the typology of E.I. Passov, the authors in their study summarized those methods and techniques that correspond to personal and subjective individualization. In addition, a survey of English teachers was conducted, which showed that teachers are ready to implement the principle of individualization, but they face problems that need to be solved. The article analyzes these problems in detail and draws the corresponding conclusions.

The article is devoted to the description of the processes in which the technologies of constructing social reality occur with the help of socio-constructionist (including discursive) practices. Discursive practices, primarily concepts, are used to create social constructions. Concepts can acquire the character of ideological structures, including for convincing numerous groups of the population of the correctness of any ideas. One of the most famous examples of discursive practices and other social constructionist techniques in the 20th century was the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research (known as the Frankfurt School).

The article presents data from a study of the political participation of young people in the elections to the State Duma in 2021 in three main parameters: value attitudes, electoral preferences, and political behaviour. The authors conducted a combined sociological study: 9 focus groups (in 3 cities) and a quantitative online survey (number of respondents — 400 people with representativeness by sex and age for the entire general population “Russian youth”). The theoretical results of the study supplement the accumulated knowledge by obtaining up-to-date data on the values, electoral preferences, and political behaviour of young people, which had a direct impact on the participation of this social group in the State Duma elections in 2021.