The paper proposes a cultural perspective on communication problems in the global world. Based on the experience of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the field of philosophy, the authors analyze the international aspects of transcultural relations in various spheres of social life. Since the era of great geographical discoveries, which initiate the unfolding process of globalization, gradually are compressed world of space, accompanied by the intensification of cross-cultural contacts. This situation actualizes the problem of finding a new format of interaction between carriers of local cultures in a globalizing world.

The article analyzes the main trends in cultural policy of Russia in the post-Soviet period, it is noted that the understanding of the strategic importance of culture for the preservation of national security is able to consolidate society in the context of globalization. It is noted that the State is responsible for the formation of a common cultural space required for the formation of national identity. As basic documents are considered “Basics of state cultural policy” and “Strategy of the state cultural policy for the period up to 2030”, in which the cultures of priority is recognized for the first time at the state level as an essential part of personal, social and political development, the state acts as an active organizer of sociocultural society. The result of the state cultural policy can be considered conceptual design strategy in the field of culture, the definition of specific goals and objectives, developing specific mechanisms for the implementation of this project.

The article considers the actual problem of participation of political institutes in the course of forming, implementation and an assessment of public policy on management of the scientific capacity of the higher school of Russia. At the beginning of article the author emphasizes value of this direction of policy (in particular, the higher school carries out double function: implementation of scientific researches and preparation of scientific personnel) also assumes that research of this perspective should be begun with the analysis of its institutional aspects. As methodological and methodical base of research the author of article uses a complex of general scientific methods (the analysis, synthesis, a method of analogies, a comparative and legal method, etc.), and also actively relies on results of sociological and expert polls. The special attention is paid to the deep analysis of programs of political parties which is carried out by the author regarding their relation to problems of development of research activities of higher education institutions. Within article also foreign experience of any participation of “boundary structures” in processes of forming and implementation of a state policy in the field of development of high school science is given. As the main results of research the author allocates: first, the main social and political institutes participating in the considered processes; secondly, confirms subjectivity and independence of the specified institutes; thirdly, reveals the major factors influencing institutional structure of public policy on management of the scientific capacity of the higher school of modern Russia. Among the last are noted: 1) factors of political and cultural nature; 2) current policy of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and her perception high school community; 3) the actual concentration of attention of the state, political parties and other political institutes on adjacent problems of the state scientific and technical policy; 4) traditional secondariness of higher education institutions as subjects of research activities; 5) lobbist activities in the sphere of science. As the perspective directions of researches in the field it is obviously important to consider in details a role of each social and political institute at various stages of lifecycle of a state policy on management of the scientific capacity of the higher school. The received results can form the basis of the new concept of the corresponding direction of public policy.

Relevance of the topic is determined by the problems of the modern Russian school in children’s education. This article lists these problems and shows the special role and importance of such school subjects as Russian language, literature and history. The article presents ideas of new Minister of Education and Science which are connected with the solution of educational problems faced by the school.

Forecasting of labor demand is the multistage process combining the different modeling methods and working with empirical data to provide reliable and consistent scenario for the future dynamic labor demand under the influence of multiple factors at the regional/ national level. Agent-based, system dynamic models and scenario analysis are widely used to predict changes in the labor market from the production side.

The article describes the Russian media discourse with the word primaries. The relevance of the research is related to the fact that in spring 2016 the word primaries became the word of the moment, the characteristic features of which touch upon three aspects of the word existence - text, lexical and grammatical. Through content analysis and discourse-analysis of media texts the author shows how the word and the concept enter the real communication, in particular in the dialogue of a journalist with his addressee (the latter uses this word in the comments). The process of unfolding the discourse in the media is presented in the form of a scheme by the author, and while primaries moving forward media discourse is divided into several sub-themes, and in each region it establishes its own mini-discourses. At various stages, media discourse is associated with different genres and journalistic texts commenting features. The prospects for research are related to the search for a model of implementation and adaptation of new political practices into modern Russian reality with the help of media communication.

The decline of the democratic wave which has been manifested in the de-liberalization of the larger part of “new democracies” constitutes one of the most important trends in the global political processes in the first decade of the XXI century. Meanwhile the practice of democratic transition demonstrates that political institutional structure and an electoral system as its key element may acquire great significance in the consolidation of democracy. From the point of view of political theory, the consolidation of “new democracies” can be preferably accomplished with the help of electoral systems based on the principle of proportional representation. This type of electoral systems promotes the development of political parties, contributes to the representative form of government and encourages the growth of civil political culture and feelings of national unity. As far as electoral systems based on the principle of majority representation are concerned they, on the contrary, cumber the representation of the interests of minorities and weaken the national identity. The realities of the democratic transition in post-communist countries of Europe and Eurasia confirms the author’s hypothesis about the significance of the type of electoral systems and its impact on the dynamics of consolidation of “new democracies. There exists a meaningful positive correlation between, firstly, forming a parliament with the use of the proportional representative system with party poll lists and stable democratization; secondly, between the mixed system and unstable democratization; and thirdly, between the majority two-round system and failed democratization. The above noted correlations point to the fact that the success of consolidation of “new democracies” is mostly dependent on the force of the parliament which has the power to control and restraint the executive branch. The comparative analysis of democratization processes in post-communist countries makes clear an apparent tendency towards increasing the political influence of parliaments in proportion with more widely use of the principle of proportional representation during nation-wide elections to legislature. Nevertheless, the significance of the type of electoral systems which defines the results of transition to democracy should be acknowledged to be limited. Moreover, the choice of the type of an electoral system and hence the degree of its impact on the process of consolidation of “new democracies” have always been the reflection of political culture specifics in the countries that have taken the course of democratization.

RETRACTED

This article describes the topical problems of European integration in their relationship with the theoretical and historical contradictions which arose at the dawn of European integration. The following integration theories are observed: functionalism, institutionalism and federalism, as well as more recent neofunctionalism and postneofunctionalizm. Different concepts of European integration are considered. In addition the most important problems and contradictions, which the European Union has to handle are distinguished. The results of the Brexit voting held on 23 June 2016 are analyzed. The decision of the UK people to withdraw from the EU is far from unanimous, and from a legal point of view is not definitive. At the same time, the British and European officials perceive Brexit as fait accompli. Moreover, the exit procedure is being encouraged from the European side. An analysis of the possible consequences of this event shows that disintegration will not pass without serious consequences for any of the stakeholders. In addition, it can be expected that the EU will undertake a number of serious reforms.

In modern terms, the information permeates all aspects of an individual and society business: economy, social sphere, politics. Information is a resource of a manager. The process of managing is an information process. When philosophers consider questions relating to information, they made to focus on one or more properties of the information, while others are not mentioned at all. But in the management science the basic properties of information are clearly defined. This is reliability, objectivity, accuracy, complete- ness, topicality, usefulness. With the evolution of the theory of management, the balance of the importance of information properties has changed. But we should not forget that all basic properties of information are important and losing sight of some of them and giving absolute and unconditional value of just one is unacceptable. Properties of the information and the leading of one of them can be assigned to different control concepts interpretation, depending on the period of evolution of the theory of management. In the classical paradigm of management the most important properties of the information is completeness, objectivity and accuracy. Neoclassical paradigm of management focuses on the accuracy and topicality of the information received. Modern paradigm of management is fundamentally different from the classical and neoclassical ones that recognizes a priori the impossibility of obtaining perfectly accurate, objective and complete information. Usefulness of the information comes to the fore, even if the information is knowingly false, distorted or subjective. The manager, acting in modern environment can not only transform, but also artificially create the information that later he uses. The difference of modern management paradigm from the classical and neoclassicalonesis that the information is now viewed not as some external resource. At the present stage of evolution of management science information can be created artificially and is an important feature of a manager is the ability to transform information, increasing the usefulness, one of its properties. In the context of such an attitude to the management of general and management information such as the chaos it is not perceived as a threat but as an opportunity to obtain significant competitive advantages for the shortest possible time. The chaotic state of the system, contrary to the prevailing views in the classical period, is not complicated, and simplifies the management process. Information is one of the most important resource of our time. The information was an important tool for management at all stages of evolution of management science, it is actively used in any management paradigm, but the nature of the use of the information has changed, according to the natural changes in managerial philosophy, adhering to new paradigms.

In order to develop the scientific research direction forecasting migration risks, scientists of the Department of political science, Department of sociology and political science have teamed up in the creative team and carried out scientific-practical study on: “Migration risks for Russia: short-term and medium-term forecasts”. The main results of the work carried out are described by the authors in the scientific report. The Foundation of the team comprised scientists Financial University. Approbation of results took place in the framework of expert interdepartmental scientific-practical sessions on risk management of migration conducted Financial University October 19, 2016.

The article refer to the modern stage of development and relationship in the three important spheres of the being of man: technosphere, sociosphere and infosphere, their specific characters, dynamics and mutual conditionality. Technics acts ambivalent in the process of globalisation, it acts as agent and also it is a result. Technics is the field for the technical innovations and at the same time it is a complete, expanding and globalizing system. One of the most important point in the research of the development trend of the techno-, socio- and infospheres is growing over into the new habitat - infosphere, where the main value is information, producible, transmittable, saved and convertable into the product via technis and hi tech. Processes in the infosphere lead to the new reality, values change and also alteration in the standards and priorities of the modern civilisation. Mass informatization of society and speedy development of the computer and internet technologies form the new reality - virtual reality with its social networks and net communities.