Comparative Characteristics of the Political Regimes of Germany in 1933–1945 and of Austria 1933–1938: The Experience of Interdisciplinary Research

Abstract

The article offers interdisciplinary research based on historical science, social and political philosophy, sociology, cultural studies, general theoretical economics and presents a comparative characteristic of Germany’s political regimes in 1933– 1945 and Austria 1933–1938. Besides, the author solves tasks that make it possible to delimit such categories as Nazism, the Third Reich, fascism (Austrofascism), totalitarianism, authoritarianism, racism, leaderism, to show how much they are actually intertwined or, on the contrary, how disconnected and disconnected, that will allow avoiding incorrect identifications of the key categories of political science in the future, which will bring positive clarity to scientific discourse. Giving a new sound to the problem of political regimes and the distinction between authoritarianism and totalitarianism, classical for political science, the author criticizes the classical notion of a totalitarian regime It argues that it is precisely the posing of the question of the arbitrariness of state intervention that will determine totalitarianism and distinguish it from authoritarianism.