Features and Causes of Traditional Chinese Life Rituals and Customs

The paper examines the features and causes of the emergence of traditional Chinese life rituals and customs (using the example of rituals related to birth, marriage and funeral) as the foundation of the national culture of China. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of ritual transformation and identify their key characteristics in historical development in order to better understand the evolution and current state of Chinese culture. The author draws conclusions that rituals and customs have pronounced social attributes: they form a system of social life based on mutual assistance and humanistic care, and have a symbolic meaning: through objects and actions, expectations and good wishes are expressed. There is a shift from hierarchy to equality: traditional differences in class and status are giving way to the principles of equality. There is a shift away from feudal superstitions: under the influence of science and modernization, superstitious practices are gradually disappearing. There is a tendency towards simplification: complex traditional rituals adapt to the rhythm of modern society. Inclusivity and diversity are evident: The integration of ethnic minorities and Western cultural elements enriches traditional forms. Rituals are increasingly regulated by laws, but the humanistic orientation remains: rituals embody respect and love of life, continuity of moral values. Despite the evolution of rituals, remnants of outdated customs remain; the influence of alien cultural elements; the growing number of divorces, the cult of material well-being in marital relations, and waste. The author formulates recommendations for the preservation and development of traditions: the integration of customs with legislation and the formation of restrictive mechanisms; the promotion of moderation and simplicity in consumption; countering vulgar culture and waste; strengthening moral values and scientific worldview; returning to the original meaning of rituals — love, respect and blessing. Thus, China’s traditional life rituals and customs represent a dynamic system that, while preserving its cultural identity, adapts to modern realities. Their reconstruction should be based on the principles of freedom, equality and humanism, combining the heritage of the past with the values of modern civilization.

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