humanitiesГуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университетаHumanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University2226-78672619-1482Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2226-7867-2024-14-3-44-52humanities-956Research ArticleФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ НАУЧНОЕ ЗНАНИЕFUNDAMENTAL SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGEИнституционализация партийных систем в посткоммунистических странах Европы: факторы и проблемыInstitutionalisation of Party Systems in Post-Communist Countries of Europe: Factors and ProblemsЧепельС. Л.ChepelS. L.

Сергей Львович Чепель —  кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры теоретической и прикладной политологии; доцент кафедры политологии

Москва

Sergey L. Chepel —  Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Assoc. Prof. of the Department of Theoretical and Applied Political Science; Assoc. Prof. of the Department of Political Science

Moscow

SLChepel@fa.ruФинансовый университет; Российский государственный гуманитарный университетРоссияRussian State University for the Humanities; Financial UniversityRussian Federation2024231020241434452Copyright © Чепель С.Л., 20242024Чепель С.Л.Chepel S.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/956

Статья посвящена анализу факторов, влияющих на процесс институционализации партийных систем в посткоммунистических странах Европы. Рассматриваются особенности воздействия систем правления на динамику смены партийных предпочтений избирателей. В качестве показателя степени устойчивости и предсказуемости межпартийной конкуренции избран индекс электоральной подвижности. Автор подчеркивает, что системы правления с выраженной политической ролью парламентов, сложившиеся в посткоммунистических странах Европы, потенциально создавали благоприятные условия для институционализации партийных систем. Однако сохранение преимущественно высоких значений индекса электоральной подвижности свидетельствует об ограниченном влиянии институционального фактора на процесс укрепления партийно-групповых связей. Автор приходит к выводу, что неустойчивая институционализация партийных систем является результатом действия объективных факторов, прежде всего — политической культуры. 

The article analyzes the factors that influence the process of institutionalization party systems in post-communist Europe. It considers the impact of governance systems on the changing preferences of voters. The author uses the index of electoral volatility as an indicator of stability and predictability in interparty competition.

The author emphasizes that parliamentary systems with a strong political role in post-communist countries create favorable conditions for party system development. However, high levels of electoral volatility indicate that the institutional factor has limited influence on party-group cohesion. The author argues that the instability of party systems is a result of objective factors, such as political culture.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.