humanitiesГуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университетаHumanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University2226-78672619-1482Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2226-7867-2024-14-1-111-118humanities-922Research ArticleАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯCURRENT SOCIO-POLITICAL RESEARCHОпыт американских и британских университетов в формировании мировоззрения студентовAmerican and British Universities’ Experience in Forming Student Mindsetshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6003-274XСеливановА. А.SelivanovА. A.

Александр Александрович Селиванов — кандидат педагогических наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-проектного отдела научно-инновационного управления.

Москва

Alexander A. Selivanov — Cand. Sci. (Ped.), Senior Research Associate, Research and Project Department of Scientific and Innovation Management.

Moscow

aselivanov@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8028-7421БелоконевС. Ю.BelokonevS. Yu.

Сергей Юрьевич Белоконев — кандидат политических наук, директор Института глобальных исследований факультета международных экономических отношений.

Москва

Sergey Y. Belokonev — Cand. Sci. (Pol.), Director, Institute Global Studies Faculty of International Economic Relations.

Moscow

SYUBelokonev@fa.ruГосударственный академический университет гуманитарных наукРоссияState Academic University for the HumanitiesRussian FederationФинансовый университетРоссияFinancial UniversityRussian Federation202422052024141111118Copyright © Селиванов А.А., Белоконев С.Ю., 20242024Селиванов А.А., Белоконев С.Ю.Selivanov А.A., Belokonev S.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/922

Предметом статьи являются вопросы формирования мировоззрения в британских и американских университетах, возглавляющих мировые рейтинги высших учебных заведений и служащих «кузницей кадров» для международных организаций. Основной вопрос исследования — определение ключевой идеологии, заложенной реформаторами англосаксонской системы высшего образования в основу учебных дисциплин социально-гуманитарного профиля подготовки мировых лидеров и сотрудников международных организаций в американских и британских университетах. В качестве метода использовался контент-анализ международных исследований образовательных траекторий мировых лидеров, программ подготовки лидеров, структуры и содержания учебных программ Оксфордского университета по двум курсам: «Философия, политика и экономика», «Глобальное управление и дипломатия», а также междисциплинарной программы «Гуманитарные, социальные и политические науки» (HSPS) Кембриджского университета, миссий ведущих мировых университетов (на примере Гарварда). Авторы приходят к выводу, что вопросы идентичности выпускниками европейских и американских университетских программ рассматриваются с позиции «исключительности», привилегированности евроатлантических акторов международных отношений, что существенным образом влияет на текущую международную политику.

TThe paper focuses on issues of building students’ mindsets at leading British and US universities according to global universities’ ratings and serving as elite training centers for international organizations. The major research question aims to uncover the key ideology that shaped the Anglo-Saxon higher education system. The ideology that shaped the AngloSaxon higher education system is evident through the design of Social Sciences and Humanities programs at British and US universities, targeting world leaders and global organization employees. The research method employed was contentanalysis of a range of international studies devoted to educational pathways of leaders,leadership training programs,structure and contents of the two eminent undergraduate Oxford University 3-year courses: Philosophy, Politics and Economics (BA), Global Governance and Diplomacy (M. Sc.), an interdisciplinary program Human, Social and Political Sciences (HSPS) offered at the University of Cambridge, as well as missions of a select world leading universities (the case of Harvard). The authors conclude that graduates of European and US university programs tend to identify themselves as “exceptional” and privileged Euro-Atlantic actors of international relations, which, in turn, largely influence the current state of global affairs.

мировоззрениеидеологияиндоктринациявысшее образованиеанглосаксонская системауниверситетывысшая школанеолиберализмmindsetideologyindoctrinationhigher educationAnglo-Saxon systemuniversitieshigher education institutionsneoliberalismReferencesЛопушенко А. Я. Критерии сформированности профессионального мировоззрения. Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета МВД России. 2009;3(43):166–170.Lopushenko A. Y. Criteria of Professional Mindsets Formation. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii = Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2009;3(43):166–170. (In Russ.).Кукса Л. П. Проблемы современного мировоззрения: системный анализ и прогноз. Уровень жизни населения регионов России. 2017;13(3):23–33. DOI: 10.12737/article_595cd03e54c6b4.36171049Kuksa L. P. Problems of modern worldview: system analysis and forecast. Uroven’ zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii = Standard of living of the population of Russian regions. 2017;13(3):23–33. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.12737/article_595cd03e54c6b4.36171049Володенков С. В. Окружающий мир как симулятивная реальность: о коммуникационных основах современного мировоззрения. Журнал политических исследований. 2022;6(3):20–40.Volodenkov S.V. The world around us as a simulated reality: on the communication foundations of the modern worldview. Zhurnal politicheskih issledovanij = Journal of Political Studies. 2022;6(3):20–40. (In Russ.).Matthews D. Book Review: Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, by Dweck, C. S. 2006. URL: http://docs.lib. purdue.edu/giftedchildren/vol1/iss2/7Matthews D. Book Review: Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, by Dweck, C. S. 2006. URL: http://docs.lib. purdue.edu/giftedchildren/vol1/iss2/7Acker D. R., Bocarro J. Preparing Students as Leaders with a Global Mindset: A Study Abroad Phenomenological Case Study. Global Education Review. 2021;8;(4):7–23.Acker D. R., Bocarro J. Preparing Students as Leaders with a Global Mindset: A Study Abroad Phenomenological Case Study. Global Education Review. 2021;8;(4):7–23.Rowe W. E., Krause W. The Study and Practice of Global Leadership. In book: University-Based Leadership Education for Professionals Working in the Globalized Context. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited; 2022.Rowe W. E., Krause W. The Study and Practice of Global Leadership. In book: University-Based Leadership Education for Professionals Working in the Globalized Context. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited; 2022.Schull J. What Is Ideology? Theoretical Problems and Lessons from Soviet-type Societies. Political Studies. 1992;40(4):728–741.Schull J. What Is Ideology? Theoretical Problems and Lessons from Soviet-type Societies. Political Studies. 1992;40(4):728–741.Воробьева Е. С., Краковецкая И. В. Рейтинговая оценка конкурентоспособности зарубежных и отечественных высших учебных заведений. Научная периодика: проблемы и решения. 2016;6(1):27–39.Vorobyova E. S., Krakovetskaya I.V. Rating assessment of the competitiveness of foreign and domestic higher educational institutions. Nauchnaya periodika: problemy i resheniya = Scientific periodicals: problems and solutions. 2016;6(1):27–39. (In Russ.).Rhoades G., Santiago Castiello-Gutierrez, Jenny J. Lee, Mahmoud Sayed Marei, Leslie C. O’Toole. The Review of Higher Education. 2019;43(2):519–551. DOI: 10.1353/rhe.2019.0109Rhoades G., Santiago Castiello-Gutierrez, Jenny J. Lee, Mahmoud Sayed Marei, Leslie C. O’Toole. The Review of Higher Education. 2019;43(2):519–551. DOI: 10.1353/rhe.2019.0109Ефимов В. С., Лаптева А. В. Фазовые трансформации и будущее университетов: философско-методологический анализ. Университетское управление: практика и анализ. 2016;106(6):146–158. DOI: 10.15826/umj.2016.106.068Efimov V. S., Lapteva A. V. Phase transformations and the future of universities: philosophical and methodological analysis. Universitetskoe upravlenie: praktika i analiz = University management: practice and analysis. 2016;106(6):146–158. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15826/umj.2016.106.068Cole R. Shaping (Global) Leaders or Creating (Global) Citizens? Considering the Competing Purposes of Higher Education. The Good Society. 2016;25(2–3):289–312. https://doi.org/10.5325/goodsociety.25.2–3.0289Cole R. Shaping (Global) Leaders or Creating (Global) Citizens? Considering the Competing Purposes of Higher Education. The Good Society. 2016;25(2–3):289–312. https://doi.org/10.5325/goodsociety.25.2–3.0289Ландерова А. А. В поисках идеологии общественного согласия. Вестник Поволжского института управления. 2022;22(3):114–124 DOI: 10.22394/1682–2358–2022–3–114–124Landerova A.A. In search of an ideology of social harmony. Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya = Bulletin of the Volga Region Institute of Management. 2022;22(3):114–124. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.22394/1682–2358–2022–3–114–124Mittelman J. H. Implausible Dream: The World-Class University and Repurposing Higher Education. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 2020.Mittelman J. H. Implausible Dream: The World-Class University and Repurposing Higher Education. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 2020.Lee M. Where Are Global Leaders Educated? International Higher Education. 2007;(49):6–7. https://doi. org/10.6017/ihe.2007.49.7985Lee M. Where Are Global Leaders Educated? International Higher Education. 2007;(49):6–7. https://doi. org/10.6017/ihe.2007.49.7985Maisuria A., Cole M. The neoliberalization of higher education in England: An alternative is possible. Rivista Di Neuroradiologia. 2017;15(5):35–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/19714009900030S208Maisuria A., Cole M. The neoliberalization of higher education in England: An alternative is possible. Rivista Di Neuroradiologia. 2017;15(5):35–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/19714009900030S208Harvey D. A brief history of neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.Harvey D. A brief history of neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.Blackledge J. Thoughts on the Future of Higher Education in the UK: A Personal View with a Historical Context. Education Sciences. 2021;11(9):474. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090474Blackledge J. Thoughts on the Future of Higher Education in the UK: A Personal View with a Historical Context. Education Sciences. 2021;11(9):474. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090474Mintz B. Neoliberalism and the Crisis in Higher Education: The Cost of Ideology. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 2021;80(1):79–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12370Mintz B. Neoliberalism and the Crisis in Higher Education: The Cost of Ideology. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 2021;80(1):79–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12370Greaves H., Maisuria A. Education, Inequality and Neoliberal Capitalism: A Classical Marxist Analysis. In book: Global Neoliberalism and Education and its Consequences. New York: Routledge; 2009.Greaves H., Maisuria A. Education, Inequality and Neoliberal Capitalism: A Classical Marxist Analysis. In book: Global Neoliberalism and Education and its Consequences. New York: Routledge; 2009.Berger LaNitra M. Social Justice and International Education. Research, Practice and Perspectives. Washington, DC: NAFSA: The Association of International Educators; 2020.Berger LaNitra M. Social Justice and International Education. Research, Practice and Perspectives. Washington, DC: NAFSA: The Association of International Educators; 2020.Saunders D. Neoliberal Ideology and Public Higher Education in the United States. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies. 2010;8(1):41–77.Saunders D. Neoliberal Ideology and Public Higher Education in the United States. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies. 2010;8(1):41–77.Heller H. The Capitalist University: The Transformations of Higher Education in the United States since 1945. London: Pluto Press; 2016.Heller H. The Capitalist University: The Transformations of Higher Education in the United States since 1945. London: Pluto Press; 2016.Rothman S., Kelly-Woessner A., Woessner M. The Still Divided Academy: How Competing Visions of Power, Politics, and Diversity Complicate the Mission of Higher Education. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; 2011.Rothman S., Kelly-Woessner A., Woessner M. The Still Divided Academy: How Competing Visions of Power, Politics, and Diversity Complicate the Mission of Higher Education. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; 2011.Двойнин А. М., Романцова В. К. О содержании категории «индоктринация» в психологической науке. URL: http://ippo.selfip.com:85/izvestia/dvoynin-a-m-romancova-v-k-o-soderzhanii/Dvoinin A. M., Romantsova V. K. On the content of the category “indoctrination” in psychological science. URL: http://ippo.selfip.com:85/izvestia/dvoynin-a-m-romancova-v-k-o-soderzhanii/ (In Russ.).Ellis J. M. The Breakdown of Higher Education: How It Happened, the Damage It Does, and What Can Be Done. New York City: Encounter Books; 2020. 224 p.Ellis J. M. The Breakdown of Higher Education: How It Happened, the Damage It Does, and What Can Be Done. New York City: Encounter Books; 2020. 224 p.Mariani M.D. and Hewitt G.J. Indoctrination U.? Faculty Ideology and Changes in Student Political Orientation. Political Science and Politics. 2008;41(4):773–783.Mariani M.D. and Hewitt G.J. Indoctrination U.? Faculty Ideology and Changes in Student Political Orientation. Political Science and Politics. 2008;41(4):773–783.Shapiro B. Brainwashed: How Universities Indoctrinate America’s Youth. Scotland: Thomas Nelson; 2010. 242 p.Shapiro B. Brainwashed: How Universities Indoctrinate America’s Youth. Scotland: Thomas Nelson; 2010. 242 p.Yenor S., Miller A. K. Social justice ideology in Idaho higher education. 2020. URL: https://idahofreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Social-justice-in-Idaho-higher-education.pdfYenor S., Miller A. K. Social justice ideology in Idaho higher education. 2020. URL: https://idahofreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Social-justice-in-Idaho-higher-education.pdfStolzenberg E. B., Eagan M. K., Zimmerman H. B., Berdan Lozano J., Cesar-Davis N. M., Aragon M. C., & Rios-Aguilar C. Undergraduate teaching faculty: The HERI Faculty Survey 2016–2017. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA; 2019.Stolzenberg E. B., Eagan M. K., Zimmerman H. B., Berdan Lozano J., Cesar-Davis N. M., Aragon M. C., & Rios-Aguilar C. Undergraduate teaching faculty: The HERI Faculty Survey 2016–2017. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA; 2019.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.