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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanities</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-7867</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1482</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2226-7867-2026-16-3-114-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanities-1394</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT SOCIO-POLITICAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идеологические контуры современной политики памяти в Бразилии в условиях поляризации политического процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ideological Contours of Modern Memory Politics in Brazil in the Context of the Polarization of the Political Process</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1646-174X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелякин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelyakin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Азизович Шелякин — магистрант направления «Политология», кафедра государственного управления и политических технологий, Институт государственного управления и права</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Shelyakin — Master’s Student in Political Science, Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies, Institute of Public Administration and Law </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelyakin_alexey@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-1567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Знаменский</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Znamensky</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Юрьевич Знаменский — кандидат политических наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего по научной работе кафедры государственного управления и политических технологий, Институт государственного управления и права</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Znamensky — Cand. Sci. (Pol.), Assoc. Prof., Deputy Head of the Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies, Institute of Public Administration and Law </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyferz@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный университет управления</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State University of Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шелякин А.А., Знаменский Д.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шелякин А.А., Знаменский Д.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelyakin A.A., Znamensky D.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1394">https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1394</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель статьи — выявить ключевые модели политики памяти в современной Бразилии и проанализировать механизмы их противостояния в условиях поляризации политического процесса и продолжающейся борьбы за интерпретацию наследия военной диктатуры 1964–1985 гг. Память о диктатуре стала центральным элементом политического дискурса, отражающим противостояние между левыми силами и гражданскими инициативами, стремящимися к осмыслению и проработке травматического прошлого через инструменты transitional justice («правосудия переходного периода»), и правыми мнемоническими акторами, включая представителей военной среды, апеллирующими к временам порядка хунты и трактующими судебные процессы против бывших военных как проявление политического реваншизма. В центре внимания автора — трансформация бразильской политики памяти: от попыток институционализации правды и справедливости при президентстве Д. Русеф, для которой создание Национальной комиссии по установлению истины (CNV) стало актом личного и политического примирения с прошлым, до демонтажа мемориальных инициатив при Ж. Болсонару и двойственной позиции Лулы да Силвы на его третьем сроке, сопровождающейся игнорированием 60‑летия военного переворота в 2024 г. Особое внимание уделено требованиям коренных народов о создании Национальной комиссии по установлению истины в отношении коренных народов (CNIV), отражающим стремление включить коллективный и территориальный опыт в рамки национальной памяти. Методология исследования опирается на междисциплинарный подход и включает анализ культурной травмы в русле концепции Дж. Александера, изучение мнемонических конфликтов и коммеморативных практик. Эти подходы применяются для анализа государственных и общественных интерпретаций наследия военной диктатуры, а также для выявления конкурирующих моделей памяти в современном бразильском политическом дискурсе. В статье подчеркивается, что универсальные модели переходного правосудия не всегда учитывают локальные контексты и этнокультурные особенности, например память коренных сообществ, сталкиваясь с трудностями национального примирения. Анализируя идеологический ландшафт памяти, автор приходит к выводу, что современная Бразилия существует в рамках столкновения двух моделей памяти — «вертикальной элитарно-военной», направленной на защиту институционального авторитета армии и сохранение символического образа защитника суверенитета в Холодной войне от коммунистов, и «горизонтально-низовой гражданской», ориентированной на общественное осмысление трудного прошлого, восстановление исторической справедливости по отношению к жертвам репрессий и утверждение принципа «никогда больше» как основы современной бразильской идентичности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to identify the key models of memory politics in modern Brazil and analyze the mechanisms of their confrontation in the context of the polarization of the political process and the ongoing struggle for interpretation of the legacy of the military dictatorship of 1964–1985. The memory of the dictatorship has become a central element of political discourse, reflecting the confrontation between leftist forces and civil initiatives seeking to comprehend and work out the traumatic past through the tools of transitional justice (“transitional justice”), and right-wing mnemonic actors, including representatives of the military environment, appealing to the times of the junta order and interpreting trials against former military as a manifestation of political revanchism. The author focuses on the transformation of Brazilian memory policy: from attempts to institutionalize truth and justice under the presidency of D. Rousseff, for whom the creation of the National Truth Commission was an act of personal and political reconciliation with the past, to the dismantling of memorial initiatives under J. Bolsonaro and the ambivalent position of Lula da Silva in his third term, accompanied by ignoring the 60th anniversary of the military coup in 2024. Particular attention is paid to the demands of indigenous peoples for the establishment of a National Commission for the Establishment of Truth about Indigenous Peoples, reflecting the desire to include collective and territorial experiences in the framework of national memory. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach and includes an analysis of cultural trauma in line with the concept of J. Alexander, the study of mnemonic conflicts and commemorative practices. These approaches are used to analyze government and public interpretations of the legacy of the military dictatorship, as well as to identify competing memory models in modern Brazilian political discourse. The article emphasizes that universal models of transitional justice do not always take into account local contexts and ethnocultural features, such as the memory of indigenous communities, when faced with difficulties of national reconciliation. Analyzing the ideological landscape of memory, the author comes to the conclusion that modern Brazil exists within the framework of a clash of two models of memory.— “vertical elite-military”, aimed at protecting the institutional authority of the army and preserving the symbolic image of the defender of sovereignty in the Cold War from the Communists, and “horizontal-grassroots civil”, focused on public understanding of the difficult past, restoring historical justice to the victims of the repressed and affirming the principle of “never again” as the basis of modern Brazilian identity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>политика памяти</kwd><kwd>историческая травма</kwd><kwd>трудное прошлое</kwd><kwd>Бразилия</kwd><kwd>правосудие переходного периода</kwd><kwd>военная диктатура</kwd><kwd>поляризация</kwd><kwd>национальное примирение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>politics of memory</kwd><kwd>historical trauma</kwd><kwd>difficult past</kwd><kwd>Brazil</kwd><kwd>transitional justice</kwd><kwd>military dictatorship</kwd><kwd>polarization</kwd><kwd>national reconciliation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прохоренко И.Л. 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