humanitiesГуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университетаHumanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University2226-78672619-1482Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2226-7867-2026-16-2-103-109humanities-1359Research ArticleАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯCURRENT SOCIO-POLITICAL RESEARCHМеждународные неправительственные организации в Афганистане (2020–2025 гг.): гуманитарная деятельность и оперативные задачиInternational Non-governmental Organizations in Afghanistan (2020–2025): Humanitarian Activities and Operational Challengeshttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-8875-511XНуриА.  С.NooriA.  S.

Абдул Сабур Нури —аспирант, факультет международных отношений, Институт гуманитарных наук

Екатеринбург

Abdul Saboor Noori —PhD Student, Faculty of International Relations, Institute of Humanities Studies

Ekaterinburg

nuri@urfu.ruУральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. ЕльцинаРоссияUral Federal University named after first President of Russia B.N. YeltsinRussian Federation202623042026162103109Copyright © Нури А.С., 20262026Нури А.С.Noori A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1359

Гуманитарный кризис в Афганистане (2020–2025) наиболее сложный для работы международных неправительственных организаций (МНПО). После прихода к власти движения «Талибан» в августе 2021 г. МНПО столкнулись с экономическим коллапсом, дипломатической изоляцией и жесткими ограничениями гражданских свобод, особенно для женщин в этой стране. Цель статьи: исследовать механизмы институциональной адаптации, используемые МНПО для поддержания жизнедеятельности населения при существующей власти (DFA), и рассмотреть парадокс легитимности и гуманитарного императива. Методы. Автором проведен систематический обзор научной литературы, индексируемой в SCOPUS за период с 2020 по 2025 г., в ходе которого обобщены выводы из 58 рецензируемых статей с помощью тематического анализа с использованием смешанных методов, основанных на институциональной теории и теории зависимости от ресурсов. Результаты исследования показывают, что МНПО используют «стратегическую развязку» для разрешения конфликта между требованиями доноров к соблюдению требований (непризнание) и оперативными потребностями (взаимодействие с DFA). В то время как локализация ускорилась в качестве стратегии выживания: введенный в декабре 2022 г. запрет на работу женщин — сотрудниц НПО создал реальную угрозу для фундаментальной гуманитарной деятельности, особенно в секторах здравоохранения и защиты. В исследовании делается вывод, что текущая операционная модель гуманитарной деятельности опирается только на диалог между правительством Афганистана и представителями МНПО, что может подорвать гуманитарные принципы. Устойчивое вмешательство требует пересмотра пороговых значений риска для доноров и четкого разделения гуманитарной деятельности и политического признания. Устойчивое вмешательство требует пересмотра пороговых значений риска для доноров и четкого разделения гуманитарной деятельности и политического признания.

The humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan (2020–2025) represents one of the most complex operational environments for international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) globally. Following the Taliban takeover in August 2021, INGOs faced a critical juncture characterized by economic collapse, diplomatic isolation, and severe restrictions on civil liberties, particularly for women. Objectives. This study investigates the institutional adaptation mechanisms employed by INGOs to sustain operations under the de facto authorities (DFA) and examines the “legitimacy-humanitarian imperative paradox”. Methods. A systematic literature review was conducted using SCOPUS-indexed journals from 2020 to 2025, synthesizing findings from 58 peer-reviewed articles through a mixed-methods thematic analysis rooted in Institutional Theory and Resource Dependency Theory. Key Findings. Results indicate that INGOs utilize “strategic decoupling” to navigate the conflict between donor compliance requirements (nonrecognition) and operational necessities (engagement with DFA). While localization has accelerated as a survival strategy, the December 2022 ban on female NGO workers created an existential threat to principled humanitarian action, particularly in the health and protection sectors. Conclusions. The study concludes that the current operational model relies on a fragile equilibrium of pragmatic negotiation that risks eroding humanitarian principles. Sustainable intervention requires a recalibration of donor risk thresholds and a distinct separation of humanitarian engagement from political recognition. Sustainable intervention requires a recalibration of donor risk thresholds and a distinct separation of humanitarian engagement from political recognition

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.