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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanities</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-7867</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1482</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2226-7867-2026-16-1-57-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanities-1298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ НАУЧНОЕ ЗНАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FUNDAMENTAL SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы социального развития современной России в свете теории неопатримониализма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Russia’s Social Development in the Light of the Theory of Neopatrimonialism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-596X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чайко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Сhaiko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чайко Игорь Владимирович — кандидат политических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры социально-политических институтов, процессов и технологий.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Сhaiko — Cand. Sci. (Polit.), Assoc. Prof., Assoc. Prof., Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivchaiko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный социальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Social University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чайко И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чайко И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Сhaiko I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1298">https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1298</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовании проводится комплексный анализ факторов, препятствующих эффективному решению проблем социально-экономического развития России и способствующих усилению социально-экономического неравенства в стране. Предмет исследования — механизмы реализации современной социальной политики России, включая систему национальных проектов, а также их влияние на углубление социально-экономических диспропорций. Методологическая база исследования включает неопатримониальный подход, позволяющий выявить роль формальных и неформальных практик в деятельности управленческих структур. В работе применяются методы политико-компаративного, нормативного и дискурсивного анализа. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в выявлении причинно-следственных связей между особенностями общественно-политической системы России и процессами социально-экономического развития. Установлено, что неопатримониальный характер системы способствует формированию патронажно-клиентских отношений, развитию фаворитизма, клановости и коррупции. Практическая значимость определяется анализом эффективности национальных проектов и выявлением системных проблем их реализации. Исследование базируется на обширной источниковой базе, включающей нормативно-правовые акты, статистические данные, материалы экспертных организаций. Основные выводы исследования свидетельствуют о том, что сложившаяся модель социально-политической организации воспроизводит черты патримониального капитализма. При этом сохранение внутренней социально-политической стабильности создает предпосылки для формирования более демократичной модели редистрибутивного неопатримониализма, способной обеспечить баланс интересов различных социальных групп. Перспективы исследования связаны с дальнейшим изучением механизмов трансформации социально-политической системы России и разработкой рекомендаций по снижению социально-экономического неравенства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors that hinder the effective solution of the problems of socio-economic development in Russia and contribute to the strengthening of socio-economic inequality in the country. The subject of the research is the mechanisms of implementation of modern social policy in Russia, including the system of national projects, as well as their impact on the deepening of socio-economic imbalances. The methodological basis of the research includes a neo-patrimonial approach, which makes it possible to identify the role of formal and informal practices in the activities of management structures. The methods of political-comparative, normative and discursive analysis are used in the work. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the identification of cause-and-effect relationships between the features of Russia’s socio-political system and the processes of socio-economic development. It is established that the neopatrimonial nature of the system contributes to the formation of patronage-client relations, the development of favoritism, cronyism and corruption. The practical significance is determined by analyzing the effectiveness of national projects and identifying systemic problems in their implementation. The research is based on an extensive source base, including regulatory legal acts, statistical data, and materials from expert organizations. The main conclusions of the study indicate that the current model of socio-political organization reproduces the features of patrimonial capitalism. At the same time, the preservation of internal socio-political stability creates prerequisites for the formation of a more democratic model of redistributive neopatrimonialism, capable of balancing the interests of various social groups. The prospects of the study are related to the further study of the mechanisms of transformation of the socio-political system of Russia and the development of recommendations for reducing socio-economic inequality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неопатримониальная система</kwd><kwd>социальная политика</kwd><kwd>национальные проекты</kwd><kwd>имущественное расслоение</kwd><kwd>демографический спад</kwd><kwd>редистрибутивный неопатримониализм</kwd><kwd>государство развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neopatrimonial system</kwd><kwd>social policy</kwd><kwd>national projects</kwd><kwd>property stratification</kwd><kwd>demographic decline</kwd><kwd>redistributive neopatrimonialism</kwd><kwd>development state</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гельман В. «Порочный круг» постсоветского неопатримониализма. 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