humanitiesГуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университетаHumanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University2226-78672619-1482Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2226-7867-2025-15-5-89-97humanities-1219Research ArticleФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ НАУЧНОЕ ЗНАНИЕFUNDAMENTAL SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGEУправление развитием инновационными экосистемами: концептуальный аспектManagement of Innovation Ecosystems Development: Conceptual Aspecthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3000-8009КарсановаЕ. С.KarsanovaE. S.

Елена Созрикоевна Карсанова — доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры политологии

Москва

Elena S. Karsanova — Dr. Sci. (Polit.), Prof. of the Political Science Department

Moscow

eskarsanova@fa.ruФинансовый университет при Правительстве Российской ФедерацииРоссияFinancial University under the Government of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2025091120251558997Copyright © Карсанова Е.С., 20252025Карсанова Е.С.Karsanova E.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://humanities.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1219

Целью данной статьи является проведение аналитического обзора предметного поля исследования, связанного с понятием «экосистема», а также предоставление анализа и дифференциации распространенных типов экосистем в соответствии с их основными целями и выявление их ключевых характеристик. На основе обобщения обширного корпуса источников в работе описываются ключевые элементы и роли в экосистемах, исследуется их значимость для функционирования, а также анализируются внешние факторы, оказывающие существенное влияние на проектирование экосистем. Особое внимание уделяется тому, что механизмы управления экосистемами включают формальные и неформальные сети, политические и экономические рамки, а также культурную и социальную среду. Эти компоненты образуют основу экосистемы и оказывают влияние на ее развитие и управление. В заключении выделяются ключевые факторы, способствующие оптимизации развития экосистем. К ним относятся определенное разнообразие элементов в экосистеме; плотные сети для содействия обмену и сотрудничеству; организатор, обеспечивающий поддержание услуг и поддержку взаимодействия между заинтересованными сторонами; эффективная нормативная база; достаточные ресурсы; поддерживающий образ мышления; гибкое управление.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical overview of the subject field of research related to the concept of “ecosystem”, as well as to provide an analysis and differentiation of common types of ecosystems according to their main purposes and to identify their key characteristics. Based on the synthesis of an broad corpus of sources, the paper describes key elements and roles in ecosystems, explores their significance for functioning, and analyzes external factors that have a significant impact on ecosystem design. It highlights that ecosystem governance mechanisms include formal and informal networks, political and economic frameworks, and cultural and social environments. These components form the foundation of an ecosystem and influence its development and management. The conclusion highlights key factors that contribute to optimizing ecosystem development. These include a certain variety of elements in the ecosystem; dense networks to facilitate exchange and collaboration; an organizer that maintains services and supports stakeholder interaction; an effective regulatory framework; sufficient resources; supportive mindsets; and flexible governance.

экосистемапредпринимательские экосистемыбизнес-экосистемыинновационные экосистемыэкосистемы знанийинновациицифровизацияecosystementrepreneurial ecosystemsbusiness ecosystemsinnovative ecosystemsknowledge ecosystemsinnovationdigitalizationСтатья подготовлена в рамках первого этапа фундаментальной научно-исследовательской работы на тему: «Формирование и развитие инновационной экосистемы регионов России» по государственному заданию Финансовому университету при Правительстве РФ в 2025 г. Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской ФедерацииThe article was prepared as part of the first stage of fundamental research work on the topic: “Formation and development of the innovation ecosystem of the regions of Russia” according to the state assignment to the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation in 2025. Financial University under the Government of the Russian FederationReferencesScaringella L., Radziwon A. Innovation entrepreneurial knowledge and business ecosystems: Old wine in new bottles? Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2017;136(7):59–87 DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.09.023Scaringella L., Radziwon A. Innovation entrepreneurial knowledge and business ecosystems: Old wine in new bottles? Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2017;136(7):59–87 DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.09.023Cobben D., Ooms W., Roijakkers N., Radziwon A. Ecosystem types: A systematic review on boundaries and goals. Journal of Business Research. 2022;142(3):138–164. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.046Cobben D., Ooms W., Roijakkers N., Radziwon A. Ecosystem types: A systematic review on boundaries and goals. Journal of Business Research. 2022;142(3):138–164. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.046Moore J.F. Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition. Harvard Business Review. 1993;71(3):75–86. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/13172133_Predators_and_Prey_A_New_Ecology_of_CompetitionMoore J.F. Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition. Harvard Business Review. 1993;71(3):75–86. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/13172133_Predators_and_Prey_A_New_Ecology_of_CompetitionGranstrand O., Holgersson M. Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition. Technovation. 2020;90–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102098Granstrand O., Holgersson M. Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition. Technovation. 2020;90–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102098Stam E. Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: A sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies. 2015;23(9):1759–1769. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484Stam E. Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: A sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies. 2015;23(9):1759–1769. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484Bouncken R.B., Kraus S. Entrepreneurial ecosystems in an interconnected world: Emergence, governance and digitalization. Review of Managerial Science. 2022;16(1):1–14. DOI: 10.1007/s11846-021-00444-1Bouncken R.B., Kraus S. Entrepreneurial ecosystems in an interconnected world: Emergence, governance and digitalization. Review of Managerial Science. 2022;16(1):1–14. DOI: 10.1007/s11846-021-00444-1Volkmann C., Fichter K., Klofsten M., Audretsch D.B. Sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: An emerging field of research. Small Business Economics. 2021;56(3):1047–1055. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11187-019-00253-7Volkmann C., Fichter K., Klofsten M., Audretsch D.B. Sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: An emerging field of research. Small Business Economics. 2021;56(3):1047–1055. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11187-019-00253-7Hannigan T.R., Briggs A.R., Valadao R., Seidel M.-D.L., et al. Mapping cultural possibilities in an emerging AI entrepreneurial ecosystem. Research Policy, 2021:51(104315):1–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2021.104315Hannigan T.R., Briggs A.R., Valadao R., Seidel M.-D.L., et al. Mapping cultural possibilities in an emerging AI entrepreneurial ecosystem. Research Policy, 2021:51(104315):1–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2021.104315Van der Borgh M., Cloodt M., Romme A.G.L. Value creation by knowledge-based ecosystems: Evidence from a field study. R&D management. 2012;42(2):150–169. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467–9310.2011.00673.xVan der Borgh M., Cloodt M., Romme A.G.L. Value creation by knowledge-based ecosystems: Evidence from a field study. R&D management. 2012;42(2):150–169. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467–9310.2011.00673.xJärvi K., Almpanopoulou A., Ritala P. Organization of knowledge ecosystems: Prefigurative and partial forms. Research Policy; 2018;47(8):1523–1537. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2018.05.007Järvi K., Almpanopoulou A., Ritala P. Organization of knowledge ecosystems: Prefigurative and partial forms. Research Policy; 2018;47(8):1523–1537. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2018.05.007Adner R. Ecosystem as structure: An actionable construct for strategy. Journal of Management. 2016;43(1):39–58. DOI: 10.1177/0149206316678451Adner R. Ecosystem as structure: An actionable construct for strategy. Journal of Management. 2016;43(1):39–58. DOI: 10.1177/0149206316678451Asmit B., Simatupang T.M., Rudito B., & Novani S. Uncovering the building blocks of rural entrepreneurship: A comprehensive framework for mapping the components of rural entrepreneurial ecosystems. Heliyon. 2024;10(1):e24139:1–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24139Asmit B., Simatupang T.M., Rudito B., & Novani S. Uncovering the building blocks of rural entrepreneurship: A comprehensive framework for mapping the components of rural entrepreneurial ecosystems. Heliyon. 2024;10(1):e24139:1–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24139Bergmann B.J. Jr. The power, process, and potential of mapping an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Business Horizons. 2025;68(1):55–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2023.12.005Bergmann B.J. Jr. The power, process, and potential of mapping an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Business Horizons. 2025;68(1):55–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2023.12.005Malecki E.J. Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Geography Compass. 2018;12(3):1–21. DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12359Malecki E.J. Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Geography Compass. 2018;12(3):1–21. DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12359Stephen S., McLaughlin C., Ryan L., Fontalba C.M., et al. Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Multiple domains dimensions and relationships. Journal of Business Venturing Insights. 2022;18:1–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2022.e00344Stephen S., McLaughlin C., Ryan L., Fontalba C.M., et al. Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Multiple domains dimensions and relationships. Journal of Business Venturing Insights. 2022;18:1–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2022.e00344Buratti M., Cantner U., Cunningha, J.A., Lehmann E. E., Menter M. The dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems: An empirical investigation. R&D Management. 2022;53(4):656–674. DOI: 10.1111/radm.12565Buratti M., Cantner U., Cunningha, J.A., Lehmann E. E., Menter M. The dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems: An empirical investigation. R&D Management. 2022;53(4):656–674. DOI: 10.1111/radm.12565Robertson J., Pitt, L., Ferreira C. Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the public sector: A bibliographic analysis. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 2020;72(2):100862. DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100862Robertson J., Pitt, L., Ferreira C. Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the public sector: A bibliographic analysis. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 2020;72(2):100862. DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100862Scott S., Hughes M., Ribeiro-Soriano D. Towards a network-based view of effective entrepreneurial ecosystems. Review of Managerial Science.2020;16(1):157–187. DOI: 10.1007/s11846–021–00440–5Scott S., Hughes M., Ribeiro-Soriano D. Towards a network-based view of effective entrepreneurial ecosystems. Review of Managerial Science.2020;16(1):157–187. DOI: 10.1007/s11846–021–00440–5Cho D.S., Ryan P., Buciuni G. Evolutionary entrepreneurial ecosystems: A research pathway. Small Business Economics. 2022;58(4):1865–1883. DOI: 10.1007/s11187–021–00487–4Cho D.S., Ryan P., Buciuni G. Evolutionary entrepreneurial ecosystems: A research pathway. Small Business Economics. 2022;58(4):1865–1883. DOI: 10.1007/s11187–021–00487–4Carst A.E., Hu Y. Complementors as ecosystem actors: A systematic review. Management Review Quarterly. 2023;74(1):1–57. DOI: 10.1007/s11301-023-00368-yCarst A.E., Hu Y. Complementors as ecosystem actors: A systematic review. Management Review Quarterly. 2023;74(1):1–57. DOI: 10.1007/s11301-023-00368-yJohnson E., Hemmatian I., Lanahan L., Joshi A.M. A framework and databases for measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems. Research Policy. 2022;51(2):104398. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2021.104398Johnson E., Hemmatian I., Lanahan L., Joshi A.M. A framework and databases for measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems. Research Policy. 2022;51(2):104398. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2021.104398Bejjani M., Göcke L., Menter M. Digital entrepreneurial ecosystems: A systematic literature review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2023;189(6):122372. DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122372Bejjani M., Göcke L., Menter M. Digital entrepreneurial ecosystems: A systematic literature review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2023;189(6):122372. DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122372Burström T., Lahti T. et al. A definition, review, and extension of global ecosystems theory. Journal of Business Research. 2023;157(2):113605. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113605Burström T., Lahti T. et al. A definition, review, and extension of global ecosystems theory. Journal of Business Research. 2023;157(2):113605. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113605Alvedalen J., Boschma R. A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: Towards a future research agenda. European Planning Studies. 2017;25(6):887–903. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694Alvedalen J., Boschma R. A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: Towards a future research agenda. European Planning Studies. 2017;25(6):887–903. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694Fischer B., Meissner D., Vonortas N., Guerrero M. Spatial features of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Business Research. 2022;147:27–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.018Fischer B., Meissner D., Vonortas N., Guerrero M. Spatial features of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Business Research. 2022;147:27–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.018Wurth B., Stam E., Spigel B. Toward an entrepreneurial ecosystem research program. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2021;46(3):729–778. DOI: 10.1177/1042258721998948Wurth B., Stam E., Spigel B. Toward an entrepreneurial ecosystem research program. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2021;46(3):729–778. DOI: 10.1177/1042258721998948Cavallo A., Ghezzi A., Balocco R. Entrepreneurial ecosystem research: Present debates and future directions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. 2018;1–24.Cavallo A., Ghezzi A., Balocco R. Entrepreneurial ecosystem research: Present debates and future directions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. 2018;1–24.Autio E., Nambisan S., Thomas L. D.W., Wright M. (o. J.). Digital affordances, spatial affordances, and the genesis of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Strategic Entrepreneurship. 2017;12(1):72–95. DOI: 10.1002/sej.1266Autio E., Nambisan S., Thomas L. D.W., Wright M. (o. J.). Digital affordances, spatial affordances, and the genesis of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Strategic Entrepreneurship. 2017;12(1):72–95. DOI: 10.1002/sej.1266Kolagar M., Parida V., Sjödin D. Ecosystem transformation for digital servitization: Aтsystematic review, integrative framework, and future research agenda. Journal of Business Research. 2022;146:176–200. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.067Kolagar M., Parida V., Sjödin D. Ecosystem transformation for digital servitization: Aтsystematic review, integrative framework, and future research agenda. Journal of Business Research. 2022;146:176–200. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.067

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.