This article discusses the formation of career strategies of medical professionals, as well as factors that influence their formation. Based on the data of a sociological survey conducted in Moscow in 2019 during the implementation of the project “Development of the capital’s healthcare personnel potential”, the following factors were considered: socio-demographic; professional qualification; psychological (psycho-emotional). All three groups of selected factors, if analysed separately, are inseparable in practice, and do not act simultaneously. But they can often strengthen or level each other, manifesting themselves to different degrees (depending on the individual qualities of an individual employee, on the conditions and place of residence/work, on the starting position of the beginning of educational and working life, etc.). We identified the three most common models of career paths preferred by medical personnel.